Blood gas interpretation in the neonate what do you need to know. Hco3 is bicarbonate, what pts kidneys put out to act as the buffer. Arterial blood gas primer clinical respiratory diseases. Because the exam generally uses a barometric pressure of 747 mm hg, the corrected pb is 700 mm hg. Initially evaluate the ph to determine if an acidemia or alkalemia is present. Steps to abg interpretation fully compensated acidbase disorders v v normal, but 7. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas selflearning packet. Blood gas analysis is one of the major tools in assessing the respiratory status of the newborn.
These measurements should be considered with the patients clinical features table 1. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky medics. Positive inotropes, vasopressors, and vasodilators andrew ferguson. Interpreting the information obtained from an abg result, combined with the patients history and our knowledge of normal pathophysiology as it applies to acidbase balance will help us to plan how to resolve the problem lippincott, 2012. If the results do not make sense, either your interpretation was wrong or there may be some additional processes at work that were not recognized on the initial analysis. In a normal abg, ph and pco 2 a move in opposite directions. Feb 15, 2008 arterial blood gas interpretation information in this slide presentation is adapted from all you really need to know to interpret arterial blood gases 2 nd slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising.
This guide provides a structured approach to abg interpretation, including several worked examples to put your interpretation skills to the test. The most important points when assessing a patient are the history, examination and basic observations. If you want to put your abg interpretation skills to the test, check out our abg quiz. Arterial blood gas analysis for emergency medicine registrars. Sood et al 9 summarize abg interpretation in this manner. Possible dialysis to remove excess lactate, manipulation of ventilation settings to adjust co 2 levels, but always maintaining tissue perfusion.
A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. Interpretation of arterial blood gases is an essence of critical care. Paco2 is carbon dioxide, what pts exhale normal is 3545. Orlando health is an approved provider of continuing nursing education by the florida board. Arterial blood gas analysis measures oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph abg is a crucial skill for health care professionals, and it is especially important in critically ill patients. Role modelling in medical education andrew ferguson. Then evaluate the respiratory parameter paco 2 and the metabolic parameter hco 3 to determine if the acidemia or alkalemia is respiratory or metabolic in origin. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Abg interpretation when interpreting the abg results, one must first know the five major components of the abg to be addressed. Body will not overcompensate when it comes to acidbase balance so. The automated analysers measure the ph and the partial pressures of oxygen pao 2 and carbon dioxide paco 2 in arterial blood.
The cause of the acidosis is the p a co 2, which is the respiratory component of the abg results. These presentations provides a introduction to arterial blood gas procedures, abgs interpretation and 15 practice cases. Step by step instructions and blood gas interpretation rules are included on the backside of the card. Apr 03, 2010 steps to abg interpretation fully compensated acidbase disorders v v normal, but 7. In addition, provided is a list of commonly encountered acidbase disorders.
Blood gas analysis debbie fraser, mn, rncnic b lood gas analysis is one of the major tools in assessing the respiratory status of the newborn. Interpretation of blood gas data should follow a logical pattern. To see how to perform an arterial blood gas check out our guide here. In this guide, we will teach you the eight 8 steps on how to interpret and analyze arterial blood gas abg results using the tictactoe method. Abg interpretation steps to abg interpretation step 1. Arterial blood gas interpretation the arterial blood gas provides the following values. Application of modified henderson equation in abg interpretation. It is made worse by the printouts generated by recent microprocessors. Determine the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis by looking at the pco2 and hco3if ph interpretation.
Abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. It calculates hco3, base excess and oxygen saturation. Ppt abg interpretation powerpoint presentation free to. This guide will focus on a commonly used sevenstep process, which helps ensure a complete interpretation of every abg. Abg interpretation debbie sander pasii what is an abg what is an abg. Blood gases are helpful to determine the adequacy of respiratory function oxygenation and ventilation as well as the babys acidbase balance. Interpretation of the blood gas by healthcare personnel is a critical step. Blood gas analysis is a commonly used diagnostic tool to evaluate the partial. Uncompensated conditions by marilyn misurek, msn, anp. You are called to see a 54 year old lady on the ward. The blood gas machine measures ph, pco2 and po2 and may measure glucose and lactate.
Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cmsrn, cen 6 easy steps to. Upon completion, nurse professionals who complete this enduring continuing nursing education content will be familiar with basic assessment of arterial blood gases and acidbase balance. The interpretation of arterial blood gases australian. Abg analysis can also determine blood acidity ph level. She is active in the national association of neonatal nurses and. Analyze the ph the first step in analyzing abgs is to look at the ph. However, the more complicated and in some ways more important part of abg analysis is ph regulation. In abg results, so 2 is derived from po2 using the oxygenhemoglobin dissociation curve. The real value of an abg comes from its ability to provide a nearimmediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly. Drugs against bugs antibiotics in the icu andrew ferguson. Try to interpret each abg and formulate a differential diagnosis before looking at the answer.
So2 may be as low as 90% in healthy patients of advanced age. Knowing how to interpret the abg results allows rts, nurses and other. Continuous regular abg monitoring and recording for trends. It explains each component in turn followed by clinical examples to work through. Because the ph is abnormal, you know compensation is not complete. A new approach to abg interpretation article nursingcenter. Blood gas interpretation in the neonate what do you need. Abg interpretation 1 bicarbonate respiratory system. Abg interpretation 1 free download as powerpoint presentation. What i found was a somewhat mixed bag, in terms of current opinions regarding whether routine abgs are appropriate in healthy neonates. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students. These abg values reveal metabolic acidosis with partial compensation. Jan 29, 20 colorcoding is used to help students decide whether a blood gas is normal, compensated or uncompensated acidosis or alkalosis. The o2 number has nothing to do with your acidbase abg interpretation.
As well, in a normal abg, the hco 3 and p co 2 a move in the same direction. Once youve mastered this technique, youll be doing actual abg interpretation. Identify normal arterial blood gas values and interpret the meaning of abnormal values. Abg examples abg exam questions for medical students and.
The o2 tells us if the patient has hypoxemia decreased oxygen in the blood. Arterial blood gas abg interpretation for medical students, osces and mrcp paces this section presents how to interpret arterial blood gases. Identify the relationship between oxygen saturation and pao2 as it relates to the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve. Interpret the results of various arterial blood gas samples. Look at the ph and decide whether its value is acidotic, normal, or alkalotic. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. Blood gas interpretation in the neonate what do you need to. With that in mind, the main steps in interpreting an arterial blood gas in greater detail are presented below. Understanding and use of blood gas analysis enables providers to. Learners read an introduction to arterial blood gasses and then identify uncompensated abgs. The terminology of arterial blood gas abg is complex and confusing. That makes the interpretation of these abg results is uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
Abg examples abg exam questions for medical students osces and mrcp paces below are some brief clinical scenarios with abg results. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. To adequately use this information, one must have a basic understanding of gas transportation and acidbase physiology. Choose from 464 different sets of abg nursing flashcards on quizlet. When one thinks of abg analysis, oxygenation may come to mind first. Learn abg nursing with free interactive flashcards. Clinical examination a comprehensive collection of clinical examination osce guides that include stepbystep images of key steps, video demonstrations and pdf mark schemes. The usefulness of this diagnostic tool is dependent. Measurements that are inaccurate, including hb and oxygen saturation, should not be used to decide therapy although newer machines contain cooximetry and are very accurate. Before making an interpretation of an abg it is always ofwise to check for the consistency of the report bicarbonateby the modified henderson equation. Blood gas interpretation for neonates better safer care.
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